HRSC: A chaos found only on Mars

Perspective_view_of_Aurorae_ChaosThe cracked, uneven, jumbled landscape seen in this image from ESA’s Mars Express forms an intriguing type of terrain that cannot be found on Earth: chaotic terrain.

The feature visible here, Aurorae Chaos, is located in the ancient and equatorial Margaritifer Terra region of Mars. The terrain here is heavily cratered, and shows signs of myriad fascinating features – many of which are thought to be linked to past water activity.

These images show the southern part of Aurorae Chaos in detail, highlighting various swathes of fractured rock, mismatched peaks, flat-topped mounds (mesas), scarps, jumbled cliffs, and eroded craters.

These characteristic features sweep across the surface, and connect to a number of small outflow channels that spread into this image from beyond the top of the frame in the main colour image. These channels form the eastern end of one of Mars’ most famous features – a giant valley system called Valles Marineris, which cuts deep into the surface and spans thousands of kilometres… [More at link]

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HiRISE: Troughs and ridges

ESP_055215_2210Troughs and ridges. These wide troughs in Chryse Planitia have a narrow ridge running down the middle. How did these form? (North is to the right.)

HiRISE Picture of the Day archive. [More at links]

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Curiosity’s ‘methane mystery’ continues

methane20190623-16[Ed. note: original June 23, 2019, story updated on June 24]

Curiosity’s team conducted a follow-on methane experiment this past weekend. The results came down early Monday morning: The methane levels have sharply decreased, with less than 1 part per billion by volume detected. That’s a value close to the background levels Curiosity sees all the time.

The finding suggests last week’s methane detection – the largest amount of the gas Curiosity has ever found – was one of the transient methane plumes that have been observed in the past. While scientists have observed the background levels rise and fall seasonally, they haven’t found a pattern in the occurrence of these transient plumes.

“The methane mystery continues,” said Ashwin Vasavada, Curiosity’s project scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. “We’re more motivated than ever to keep measuring and put our brains together to figure out how methane behaves in the Martian atmosphere.”

Curiosity doesn’t have instruments that can definitively say whether the source of the methane is biological or geological. A clearer understanding of these plumes, combined with coordinated measurements from other missions, could help scientists determine where they’re located on Mars. [More at link]

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Mars 2020 rover’s robotic arm installed

PIA23227-16In this image, taken on June 21, 2019, engineers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, install the main robotic arm on the Mars 2020 rover. (A smaller arm to handle Mars samples will be installed inside the rover as well.) The main arm includes five electrical motors and five joints (known as the shoulder azimuth joint, shoulder elevation joint, elbow joint, wrist joint and turret joint). Measuring 7 feet (2.1 meters) long, the arm will allow the rover to work as a human geologist would: by holding and using science tools with its turret, which is essentially its “hand.”

“You have to give a hand to our rover arm installation team,” said Ryan van Schilifgaarde, a support engineer at JPL for Mars 2020 assembly. “They made an extremely intricate operation look easy. We’re looking forward to more of the same when the arm will receive its turret in the next few weeks.”

The rover’s turret will include high-definition cameras, science instruments, and a percussive drill and coring mechanism. Those tools will be used to analyze and collect samples of Martian rock and soil, which will be cached on the surface for return to Earth by a future mission. [More at link]

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THEMIS: Tharsis Tholus volcano flank

Tharsis Tholus flank (THEMIS_IOTD_20190628)THEMIS Image of the Day, June 28, 2019. This VIS image is located on the flank of Tharsis Tholus. The Tharsis region of Mars is dominated by large volcanoes and extensive lava plains.

Explore more THEMIS Images of the Day by geological subject.

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HiRISE: When lava moved

ESP_055218_1665When lava moved. The objective of this observation is to examine the remains of an ancient lava flow moving in a trough in the Claritas Fossae region. Pictures like this may tell us more about how lava flowed on Mars.

HiRISE Picture of the Day archive. [More at links]

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MARCI weather report, June 17-23, 2019

MARCI-June-18-2019With the exception of a single arcuate-shaped dust storm, similar in morphology to a terrestrial low-pressure systems, which was dipping southward across Acidalia, the northern lowlands were relatively uneventful this past week. In the southern hemisphere, a dust storm north of Argyre was spotted lofting dust into the canyons of Valles Marineris near the beginning of the week. The storm quickly subsided, leaving a dust haze that partially obscured the canyon floors and other surrounding landforms. Tyrrhena, Sirenum, and Cimmeria also experienced some small fleeting dust-lifting events… [More at link, including video]

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Curiosity update: Keep on rollin’ through the rubble to ‘Harlaw’

NLB_614819464EDR_F0761300NCAM00292M_-br2Sol 2449, June 27, 2019, update by MSL scientist Lucy Thompson: We are continuing our exploration of Glen Torridon (the clay-bearing unit) and the varied lithologies exposed in this area of Gale crater, including more rubbly bedrock that is mixed with sand, and more coherent bedrock exposed both in the ground and capping prominent ridges. Curiosity continued the drive away from one of these ridges, Teal Ridge, towards another low-lying lip and ridge of exposed bedrock that we are referring to as “Harlaw.” The drive in yestersol’s plan put us about 9 m away from Harlaw and in a perfect position to get some context Mastcam mosaics of the area that will help us interpret the results of our planned closeup investigation of this area. [More at link]

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NASA selects partners for Mars 2020 ‘Name the Rover’ contest, seeks judges

name20190625-16NASA has selected two partner organizations to run a nationwide contest giving K-12 students in U.S. schools a chance to make history by naming the Mars 2020 rover. An application to become contest judge also is now available online.

Battelle Education, of Columbus, Ohio, and Future Engineers, of Burbank, California, will collaborate with NASA on the Mars 2020 “Name the Rover” contest, which will be open to students in the fall of 2019. The student contest is part of NASA’s efforts to engage the public in its missions to the Moon and Mars.

The currently unnamed rover is a robotic scientist weighing more than 2,300 pounds (1,000 kilograms). It will search for signs of past microbial life, characterize the planet’s climate and geology, collect samples for future return to Earth and pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet. The spacecraft is targeted for a July 2020 launch and is expected to touch down on Mars in February 2021.

“We’re very excited about this exceptional partnership,” said George Tahu, Mars 2020 program executive in NASA’s Planetary Science Division at the agency’s Headquarters in Washington. “Contests like this present excellent opportunities to invite young students and educators to be a part of this journey to understand the possibilities for life beyond Earth and to advance new capabilities in exploration technology.” [More at link]

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THEMIS: Sharp-rimmed craters

Sharp-rim craters (THEMIS_IOTD_20190627)THEMIS Image of the Day, June 27, 2019. This VIS image is located on plains between Terra Sabaea and Utopia Planitia. In this region craters and other depressions have sharp, narrow margins and rims.

Explore more THEMIS Images of the Day by geological subject.

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